• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    The invention relates to an aeroponic culture line comprising a follicular space and root space separation surface, provided with openings for receiving porous culture media and spray means located on the root side of said surface. Said spraying means are configured to produce a spray area less than 10% of the total area of said separation surface, said spray means being mounted on a carriage adapted to move parallel to said separation surface, on the root side , in order periodically to sweep the entire area of said surface equipped with culture supports.
    公开号:FR3021841A1
    申请号:FR1455232
    申请日:2014-06-10
    公开日:2015-12-11
    发明作者:Raymond Aschheim；Combaud Benoit De；Roland Fasel；Andreas Muller；Raphael Sandoz
    申请人:COMBAGRO SUISSE SARL；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    [0001] FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to the field of aeroponic culture. In aeroponics, the support and supply functions of water and nutrients, usually filled by the soil, x are provided by "plant supports", usually a porous plastic block, and by permanent sprays on the ground. roots, in the form of a mist of nutrient solutions based on mineral salts turning in closed circuit by means of a pump. So we have both 100% water availability and 100% air availability, hence the growth performance. This technique is comparable to its ancestor, hydroponics, with the difference that hydroponic plants are on an inert substrate (of the type are, pozzolan or pumice stone), irrigated at regular intervals and in which feeding is by regular intake of a nutrient solution. In aeroponics, it becomes possible to control all parameters of the nutrient medium (concentration of nutrients and their respective proportions, pH, temperature, etc.) in order to obtain the best results of culture.
    [0002] Applied rationally, this technique makes it possible to obtain a substantial quantitative and qualitative increase in productivity, a significant reduction in labor, fertilizers and water, and most importantly, a significant reduction in the energy consumption of energy. greenhouse crops.
    [0003] STATE OF THE ART In the state of the art, various solutions are known for carrying out aeroponic culture installations.
    [0004] EP2644025 discloses an example of a mobile aeroponic growth unit for plant growth and an improved aeroponic plant culture system. WO2013136014 discloses another example of Uri aeroponic culture equipment comprising a plurality of substrate blocks for receiving at least one seed and to maintain the plant during all of its growth. The dimensions of the substrate block are fixed and determined so as to allow the vegetation to grow on one side and the roots on the other, and the cross-section of said substrate block being between 1.2 and 10 times the cross section. nominal neck of the adult plant. Mobile supports have housings for receiving moving substrate blocks by transverse displacement, said equipment including means for changing spacing of consecutive substrate blocks during plant growth. These houses are open at the top to allow the passage of vegetation and at the bottom to allow passage to the roots. Another example of aeroponic culture plant of potato seed is described in patent CN202773643. This patent discloses a timed spray control device comprising a nutrient solution circulation system and a plurality of culture beds, wherein each culture bed comprises a water reservoir, an oblique bed panel. The nutrient solution circulation system includes a water box, a water supply line and a return water line, a circulation pump controlled by the timed spray controller is mounted on the supply line. water and spray chambers. Disadvantages of prior art solutions These various solutions are generally adapted to fast growing plant varieties, such as potato seeds, allowing production cycles of a few days and a frequent renewal of production launches. For crops requiring longer durations, for example salads with a growth cycle of a few weeks (about 7 weeks), these solutions are poorly adapted. Indeed, the cost of manufacturing, installation and operation of these facilities is relatively high, and to be properly amortized, it is desirable to focus the use in time and space. For slower crops, the plant is immobilized for a long time. In addition, some species such as salads produce an abundant follicular vegetation, occupying a large volume, which requires to space strongly two consecutive culture media, at least at the approach of maturity. Another solution is provided by US Patent Application US2009293357 proposing a device and method for delivering fine air spray and nutrient rich liquid to the root zone of plant development with a shaped nozzle tip for control and vary the size and shape of the fog delivered, and able to provide below 5 microns. This US2009293357 patent explains that droplet size droplets of between 30 and 80 microns and less than 30 microns contain little water and must be supplied in such a quantity that they saturate the air with water and do not allow adequate oxygenation although in aeroponic It also explains that droplets greater than 100 microns remain too long on the plant and also prevent optimal oxygenation, and that in this case the systems must regularly be turned off and on, which is bad for the pumps.
    [0005] Solution provided by the invention In order to overcome these drawbacks, the invention relates, in its most general sense, to an aeroponic culture line comprising a separation surface of the follicular space and of the root space, provided with openings for receiving porous culture media and spray means located on the root side of said surface characterized in that said spraying means is configured to produce a spray area less than 10% of the total area of said separation surface, said spray means being mounted on a carriage adapted to move parallel to said separation surface, the root side, in order to periodically scan the entire area of said surface equipped with culture media. The fact that the carriage moves and watered a certain plant for less than a tenth of the time, without necessarily requiring the pump to be switched off and on very often, notably solves the problem raised in patent US2009293357, while keeping a greater flexibility on the calibration of the droplets. Advantageously, said separation surface is formed by a web having a plurality of apertures for positioning individual culture blocks. Preferably, said separation surface is movable to move the openings receiving the culture means between a loading end and a harvesting end. Preferably, said culture means are constituted by porous material blocks. According to an advantageous embodiment, said separation surface is horizontal and extends longitudinally over guide rail of a carriage moving longitudinally, the spraying means equipping said carriage being fed by a conduit connecting a source of liquid nutritious to said trolley. Advantageously, said separation surface is horizontal and extends longitudinally over guide rail of a carriage moving longitudinally and comprising a reservoir of nutrient liquid. Preferably, the separation surface and the point of discharge of the nozzle is between 5 and 60 centimeters. Advantageously, the line comprises an aeroponic spraying system consisting of a liquid nutrient solution generator at a pressure of between 2 and 30 bars and preferably of 6 to 30 bars, and spray nozzles producing droplets whose cross section is between 30 and 120 microns and preferably from 30 to 80 microns. Advantageously, the line also comprises a means of automatically replacing the pressurized nutrient solution, tap water at the network pressure (approximately 2 bars), in the same spray nozzles, which then produces droplets whose cross section is about 120 microns. This back-up system provides almost permanent irrigation even in the event of a pump problem, or lack of nutrient solution components. Advantageously, the control computer of the irrigation trolley obtains information from various sensors, on the proper functioning of the mechanical and irrigation subsystems, and can in particular detect the passage in degraded mode, maintain a log of events and events. measurements, and send alarms by SMS or internet to those responsible for monitoring the greenhouse. It can also adapt the rate of passage of the carriage and its speed to the context, for example brightness. Thus, a night failure of the irrigation station causes switching to water at low pressure and without nutrients, and causes an intervention in the morning, but ensures sufficient humidification of the plants during the night. Advantageously, the system which is the subject of the invention enjoys great flexibility in the irrigation parameters (pressure, flow rate, time of exposure of a plant to the droplets, pause time between two successive exposures, type of nozzle, number of nozzles) which makes it possible to easily obtain an optimal water-air balance for the radicles, for a very competitive simplicity and cost of production, and even makes it possible to have different settings for various parts of the same line (for example for young plants on one side and mature plants on the other, or for different varieties).
    [0006] The invention also relates to an aeroponic culture installation characterized in that it comprises a plurality of such parallel oriented culture lines. Advantageously, the plant comprises at least two adjacent crop lines oriented in opposite directions, the loading end of one of said adjacent lines corresponding to the crop end of the other crop line. According to a preferred embodiment, the plant comprises at least two adjacent crop lines whose longitudinal axes are diverging between the loading ends and the harvesting ends so that the spacing between the median axes between said lines adjacent increases between the loading end and the harvesting end. Description of an Unlimited Exemplary Embodiment The present invention will be better understood on reading the description of a detailed and nonlimiting exemplary embodiment, illustrated by the appended drawings in which: FIG. 1 represents a schematic view of Figure 1 shows a schematic view of a culture line comprising a conveyor belt (1) on which culture media (2 to 6) are mounted. These culture media consist of blocks of a porous material crossed by tiny channels precisely calibrated so that oxygen, water and particles in suspension circulate perfectly. The dimensions of the substrate block are fixed and determined so as to allow growth of vegetation on one side and roots of the other and the cross-section of said substrate block being between 1.2 and 10 times the nominal section. neck of the adult plant. The blocks are for example made of rock wool, obtained by extrusion of a mixture of basalt, limestone and coke melted at 1600 ° C. The casting is broken up into a multitude of very fine fibers which, on cooling, are bonded with a urea-formaldehyde resin and coated with a hydrophilic wetting agent. These products are specially manufactured for use as an aboveground crop substrate.
    [0007] Rock wool is a lightweight material, characterized by good porosity and high water retention capacity. In contact with the nutritive solution, the rock wools release mineral ions (calcium, magnesium, iron and manganese) and slightly alkalize the medium.
    [0008] Culture media can also be formed by a hollow body containing expanded clay beads is in the form of aggregates obtained by high temperature treatment of wet clay nodules: thus obtain hard and porous beads which have kept the red brown color of the original material.
    [0009] The hollow body may also contain siliceous sand of volcanic origin containing water which is expanded industrially by heat treatment (1200 ° C.). Presenting a form of white and light flakes containing 75% silica, chemically inert, the siliceous sand is composed of silica, alumina, iron oxide, titanium oxide, lime, magnesia, oxide of sodium and potash. The culture blocks have a cross section corresponding to the section of practical lights in the conveyor belt (1). They may have a flange to allow their vertical setting relative to the band (1). The conveyor belt (1) moves from the feeding area where the salad seed-containing substrate (2) is inserted into the receiving lumen of the strip to a harvesting area where the salad reaches a mature stage, in the substrate (6). The rate of travel along the length of the line is determined to advance a substrate between the feed end (7) and the harvest end (8) in a growth cycle. For a salad, the displacement is typically 10 in seven weeks. The conveyor belt (1) is preferably configured to allow an acceleration of the speed of movement between the feed end (7) and the crop end (8) so as to cause an increase in the distance between two feeders. consecutive substrates, between a minimum distance from the end of the feed end (7) and a maximum distance, substantially corresponding to the section of the vegetation of the salad, at the harvest end (8). The cultivation line also comprises rails (9) extending parallel to the longitudinal axis of the conveyor belt (1). On this rail moves a movable carriage (10) The roots grow in a chamber protected from light by the conveyor belt (1). They are irrigated by high pressure sprinklers (11, 12) for vaporizing a solution composed of microdroplets of a size ideally varying between 20 and 80 μm (optimal size for root exchange) via a pump. membrane and expansion vessel.
    [0010] The goal is to maximize root exchange by spraying a nutrient solution for a very short time (0.5 to 1 sec every 2-3 minutes) to maintain the presence of a fine, heavily loaded nutrient mist. in oxygen and minerals in the root chamber and therefore optimize the exchange of absorbent hairs. The carriage (10) moves on the rails (9) by going back and forth under the conveyor belt (1) to cycle from a few minutes to about an hour. The nutrient liquid 5 is supplied via a flexible conduit (13). DESCRIPTION OF A SECOND EXTENDED EXAMPLE OF IMPLEMENTATION The present invention will be better understood on reading the description of a second detailed and nonlimiting exemplary embodiment, illustrated by the appended drawing, in which: FIG. 2 represents a schematic view of a culture line according to the invention, equipped with mobile tables. FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a cultivation line comprising an irrigation trolley (10) rolling in translation on rails (9), movable tables (14) consisting of a frame (15) containing planks; holes (16) supporting the supports (17) containing the plants, rolling on rails (18) parallel to the rails 9.
    [0011] These mobile tables can be pushed by hand or robotically. It is possible to adapt state-of-the-art mobile tables to carry pots, by drilling holes in the board to create new mobile tables for aeroponic culture that had never been imagined in the past. prior art because they have utility only associated with the mobile irrigation trolley of the present invention.
    权利要求:
    Claims (11)
    [0001]
    CLAIMS 1 - Aeroponic culture line comprising a follicular space and root space separation surface, provided with openings for receiving porous culture media and spraying means located on the root side of said surface characterized in that said spray means is configured to produce a spray area less than 10% of the total area of said separation surface, said spray means being mounted on a carriage movable parallel to said separation surface, root side, to periodically scan the entire area of said surface equipped with culture media. 15
    [0002]
    2 - aeroponic culture line according to claim 1 characterized in that said separation surface is formed by a strip having a plurality of openings for the positioning of individual culture blocks. 20
    [0003]
    3 - the aeroponic culture line according to claim 1 or 2 characterized in that said separation surface is movable to ensure the displacement of the openings receiving the culture means between a loading end and a harvest end. 25
    [0004]
    4 - Aeroponic culture line according to claim 1 or 2 characterized in that said culture means are constituted by blocks of porous material. 30
    [0005]
    5 - aeroponic culture line according to at least one of the preceding claims characterized in that said separation surface is horizontal and extends longitudinally over guide rail of a carriage moving longitudinally, the spraying means equipping said carriage being fed by a conduit connecting a source of nutrient liquid to said carriage.
    [0006]
    6 - aeroponic culture line according to claim 1 characterized in that said separation surface is horizontal and extends longitudinally over guide rail of a carriage moving longitudinally and having a reservoir of nutrient liquid.
    [0007]
    7 - aeroponic culture line according to claim 1 10 characterized in that the separation surface and the ejection point of the nozzle is between 5 and 60 centimeters.
    [0008]
    8 - aeroponic culture line according to claim 1 characterized in that it comprises an aeroponic spraying system consisting of a liquid nutrient solution generator at a pressure of between 2 and 30 bar, and spray nozzles producing droplets whose the section is between 30 and 120 microns. 20
    [0009]
    9 - Aeroponic culture installation characterized in that it comprises a plurality of culture lines according to at least one of the preceding claims oriented parallel. 25
    [0010]
    10 - aeroponic culture installation characterized in that it comprises at least two adjacent culture lines according to at least one of claims 1 to 8 oriented in opposite directions, the loading end of one of said adjacent lines corresponding at the harvest end of the other line of culture.
    [0011]
    11 - Aeroponic culture plant characterized in that it comprises at least two adjacent culture lines according to at least one of claims 1 to 8, the longitudinal axes being diverging between the loading ends and the harvest ends so as to the spacing between the median axes between said adjacent lines increases between the loading end and the crop end.
    类似技术:
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    US20170202163A1|2017-07-20|
    EP3154335A1|2017-04-19|
    FR3021841B1|2016-07-15|
    WO2015189292A1|2015-12-17|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    US4965962A|1984-11-21|1990-10-30|Q. P. Corporation|Hydroponic culture system|
    JPS61199734A|1985-02-28|1986-09-04|Mitsubishi Electric Corp|Plant moving culture apparatus|
    US20120047803A1|2010-08-27|2012-03-01|King Abdul Aziz City For Science And Technology|Method and system for managing animal waste in an animal breeding farm|EP3409103A1|2017-05-30|2018-12-05|Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V.|Device for encouraging the growth of plants|
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    US20140137472A1|2012-06-08|2014-05-22|Living Greens Farm, Inc.|Controlled environment and method|
    KR101475891B1|2013-05-31|2014-12-23|농업회사법인 주식회사 바이오피아|Hydroponic cultivation of plants Devices|US11154016B2|2017-06-14|2021-10-26|Grow Solutions Tech Llc|Systems and methods for managing a weight of a plant in a grow pod|
    CA3025110A1|2018-11-23|2020-05-23|James E. Wagner Cultivation Ltd.|Dual droplet aeroponic systems and methods for growing plants|
    EP3837967A1|2019-12-16|2021-06-23|Agricooltur S.r.l. Società Agricola|Device for the aeroponic cultivation of plant products|
    法律状态:
    2015-05-26| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 2 |
    2015-12-11| PLSC| Publication of the preliminary search report|Effective date: 20151211 |
    2016-06-30| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 3 |
    2017-05-23| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 4 |
    2018-05-25| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 5 |
    2020-05-20| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 7 |
    2021-05-19| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 8 |
    2021-10-22| CD| Change of name or company name|Owner name: CLEANGREENS SOLUTIONS SA, CH Effective date: 20210910 |
    2021-10-22| TP| Transmission of property|Owner name: CLEANGREENS SOLUTIONS SA, CH Effective date: 20210910 |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    FR1455232A|FR3021841B1|2014-06-10|2014-06-10|LINE AND INSTALLATION OF AEROPONIC CULTURE|FR1455232A| FR3021841B1|2014-06-10|2014-06-10|LINE AND INSTALLATION OF AEROPONIC CULTURE|
    PCT/EP2015/062974| WO2015189292A1|2014-06-10|2015-06-10|Aeroponic culture line|
    US15/317,381| US20170202163A1|2014-06-10|2015-06-10|Aeroponic culture line|
    EP15727014.1A| EP3154335A1|2014-06-10|2015-06-10|Aeroponic culture line|
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